Censorship Online - 1041 Words

This essay talks about issues regarding Censorship of the Internet. According to the textbook, censorship is a way used by governments or religious institutions to supervise or regulate the public access to offensive or harmful materials (Quinn 2012, p.496). Internet censorship applies the same discipline which regulates the public access to harmful content on internet. Nowadays, internet is a place with huge potential for growth. Statistics suggest that the total growth of new internet users is 566.4% from December 31, 2000 to 2012 (Internet World Stats 2012) (Refer to Appendix one). In the mean time, the resources and contents on the internet are growing rapidly at an uncontrollable rate. To some extent, there are almost no†¦show more content†¦For example, there is a non-profit company called Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) which is set up by Australian authors, visual artists, journalists, photographers and publishers to protect and control their copyrights. Every member gives CAL a non-exclusive license with regard to their works. The co de of product for CAL is designed to make sure that the rights of all members are clearly stated, and the process of collecting their own works is transparent and approachable. No one can copy their materials from the internet without their permission (Copyright Agency Limited 2009, p.2). Those websites that commit copyright infringement would be blocked. It’s really hard to eliminate the copyright problems on internet, but internet censorship can reduce or limit the possibility of copyright infringement to some extent. Censorship can also work when it comes to sensitive issues on the internet. Due to political motivation, many groups or individuals provoke the internet users against the government. It’s a dangerous action that may lead to strife throughout the nation in the future. Apparently, these groups and individuals are agitators, hoping to cause conflicts between people and government. These illegal activities should be censored on internet. Another sensitive issue would be the terrorist and racist organizations on internet, internet is a powerful tool for terrorist and racist, usually these organizationsShow MoreRelatedCensorship Is A Controversial Restriction1008 Words   |  5 PagesCensorship is a controversial restriction that can be placed on almost every aspect of life. The origin of censorship was used as a trademark for leaders throughout history to direct and control society. Now censorship is accomplished through the altering of books, plays, films, television, radio chann els, and other forms of communication. The motives of censorship are wide ranged, with censors aiming at material believed to be offensive, explicit, rebellious and/or profane. As a result, ideas haveRead MoreSeptember 11, 2001. A National Newspaper Journalist Had1132 Words   |  5 Pagesposition that the unknown man was in as he plummeted to his death. This controversy has impacted our society in many ways, and has taught the future generations in journalism a very important lesson in the power that they have over the American people. Censorship is a common theme in American mass media, especially journalism, and even more so in cases where there are news stories that involve serious topics, dealing with witness accounts, stories, and gory images that would cause the general public anyRead MoreA Short Note On The Protect Ip Act1284 Words   |  6 PagesDeniz Soybas Although the PROTECT IP Act may put somewhat of a stop to online piracy, it is quite costly. The act was estimated the cost forty-six million dollars over the 2012-2016 period. This is due to the fact that the act would force new requirements on companies such as Internet service providers, credit card companies, online advertisers, and search engines. The cost of the act created an uncertainty along the Congressional Budget Office. The PROTECT IP Act states that an â€Å"information locationRead MoreCensorship on the Internet Essay908 Words   |  4 PagesCensorship on the Internet Five years after the first world wide web was launched at the end of 1991, The Internet has become very popular in the United States. Although President Clinton already signed the 1996 Telecommunication ActI on Thursday Feb 8, 1996, the censorship issue on the net still remains unresolved. In fact, censorship in cyberspace is unconscionable and impossible. Trying to censor the Internet its problematic because the net is an international issue, there is no standard forRead MoreEssay on Censorship in Schools is not Justifiable959 Words   |  4 PagesCensorship in School is Not Justifiable Walt Whitman once said, â€Å"The dirtiest book of all is the expurgated book.† Between the years 2000 and 2009 a total of 3200 books were challenged in school libraries in an attempt to expurgate, or censor, the content in books provided to students. Today the trend of censorship continues as popular novels such as The Hunger Games, The Fault in Our Stars, and Captain Underpants are censored from schools across the nation (Challenges by Reason).Censorship in regardsRead MoreCensorship Of The World Wide Web1326 Words   |  6 Pagespowerful tool, and too much of it will make any government nervous. Censorship of information has had a long history throughout the world. In ancient China for example, censorship was considered a legitimate instrument for regulating the moral and political life of the population (Newth). Even today, the Chinese government has full authority to censor anything on the web. Western societies also have a long history of censorship. The origin of the term censor can be traced to the office of censorRead More The Controversy Over Internet Censorship Essay1152 Words   |  5 PagesThe Controversy Over Internet Censorship   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For many people, using the Internet has become practically a new way of life, especially for college students and the like.   Various types of information can be accessed at the touch of a button: anything from encyclopedias, to surveys and essays, to articles from magazines, and adult sites.   Anyone who pays for their Internet service is usually offered space for his or her own web page, and even many free services provide space for personal webRead MoreThe Debate About Censorship1495 Words   |  6 PagesThe Debate about Censorship Censorship, the control of the information and ideas circulated within a society, has been a characteristic of dictatorships throughout history. In the 20th Century, censorship was achieved through the examination of books, plays, films, television and radio programs, news reports, and other forms of communication for the purpose of altering or suppressing ideas found to be objectionable or offensive. There have been assorted justifications for censorship, with some censorsRead More Cyberspace Hate Propaganda and Internet Censorship Essay1244 Words   |  5 PagesCyberhate - Hate Propaganda and Internet Censorship The Internet is an ideal medium for hate groups, such as neo-Nazis, because of the mass exposure, inexpensiveness, uncensored nature and ease of publishing offered. The Internet allows hate groups to target a broad audience: impressionable children are the most vulnerable. Attempts at censorship fail because of the international nature of the Internet, and to a lesser extent, free speech contentions. Instead, the freedom of speech exercisedRead MoreEssay on Censorship - News Must not be Censored615 Words   |  3 Pagesworld. News broadcasts generally strive for accuracy in reports. These reports are presented in an objective manner otherwise they would mislead the masses. It is because the masses do not wish to be mislead that viewers expect these qualities. Censorship should not be imposed upon the news because the news is merely circulating knowledge. Accordingly, the news has done simply objectively displayed our society on a screen. The news is not mandating viewers to conduct themselves in the manner

Essay On Journey Of The Wanderer - 1366 Words

Journey of the Wanderer I have never felt such radical emotions. It makes me wonder if any other purposeless wanderers can empathize with my position. There is no home where I belong, nor is there any nomadic reason to travel with my quarters wherever I go. As for my origins, I am still unaware of any childhood memories, or misadventures. For the only path I can now travel is beyond the trees, and across the glittering grass fields reflecting the array of the wondrous moonlight. I found myself pondering on the crypt every step taken on the ground. It seems the more I walk, my feet increase the trench dug into the ground. How can I keep this up until I have discovered what I look for? Are My days to be spent walking pointlessly†¦show more content†¦I could not move any further for the light was nowhere, but wait a church? There was I church I saw that I had directly ignored. There I was at the gate of the church. Maybe it had been abandoned so I can stay without frightening a nyone off. No, I saw a light that meant someone had been there keeping after the keep. I wandered to the back where I realised something I had not felt since I was at the couple’s wedding. Fear; Overwhelming fear. I had sensed the company of ghouls, and nocturnal animals. In the distance I could spot four yellow eyes belonging to possible wolves. I banged my hands against the door about ten times, and then waited. There was no way I was going to wait for someone to the door. I checked the matt incase a key was left. Then, I felt a Jingle against the door. I hid beside the crevice, and waited for the noise to go away. So I did. Then it opened I slid against the shadow of the wall.†Is anyone there?† There was no need to worry about remaining silent, for I had done that for too long. But in my carelessness fell on the metal, echoing throughout the forest. The man was looking at me, but not in horror, but in mild surprise. He slightly smiled, and said,†welcome traveler.† I was shocked by the lack of bluntness in his voice. My feet were, shaking in aw. If my heart rate had increased it would fall out of my chest since there was barely any flesh on me. I was still sitting in the shadow of darkness when my legs began to shake. â€Å"Step forward heShow MoreRelated Siddhartha and Narcissus and Goldmund Comparative Essay684 Words   |  3 Pages Siddhartha and Narcissus and Goldmund Comparative Essay Hermann Hesse was a man that lived from 1877 and 1962 and faced a life of struggle as he coped with the effects of war. During this period of time the theme of finding yourself was quite popular and experiences affect his works. Hesse wrote both Narcissus And Goldmund and Siddhartha, two books that are about men who are searching for who they are. The novels themselves have various ideas in common, even small details, but are two differentRead MoreThe Two Voices of The Seafarer Essay1349 Words   |  6 PagesThe Two Voices of The Seafarer There is much argument in the literary field as to whether there is more than one speaker in the Old English poem The Seafarer. In this brief essay we will look at some of the previous criticisms of the last two centuries, and through them attempt to prove that the speaker of the poem is the same one throughout. The author of The Seafarer is unknown. Its manuscript is untitled and unique, and is thought to have been inscribed around 975 AD. It survives on fourRead MoreThe Influences of Oscar Wilde The Picture of Dorian Gray1582 Words   |  7 Pageshighly artificial novels of Bulwer-Lytton and Disraeli above plainer and greater work of Victorian Fiction. 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In her article, she tries using ten stages of how a heroRead MoreMadness : Henry Miller s Odyssey1553 Words   |  7 Pages Liminal Madness: Henry Miller’s Odyssey First Essay He wasn’t crazy—he was mad. There’s a difference. -Henry Miller, The Colossus of Maroussi In Victor and Edith Turner’s work on â€Å"Pilgrimage as a Liminoid Phenomenon,† they discuss French folklorist and ethnographer Arnold van Gennep’s rites of transition which correlates with which one experiences on a pilgrimage. This process comprises of three stages. The first stage is separation to separate oneself from home or the comfort of one’sRead MoreEnglish, Analytical Essay, Catcher in the Rye and Huckleberry Finn1507 Words   |  7 PagesHuckleberry Finn and The Catcher in the Rye essay The novels ‘The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn’ and ‘The Catcher in the Rye’ are both set in times where the expectations of society differed from the ones of today. 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In this essay, I argue Yann Martel opened the door of interpretation when he used Piscine Patel’s story to encapsulate a plot that in turn would provoke readers to a state of transformation in their ways of thinking and living, all because of the hidden principlesRead MoreAnglo-Saxon Heroic Poetry5673 Words   |  23 Pagescan address councils of chieftains or elders with eloquence and confidence. 3.The hero, often a demi-god, possesses distinctive weapons of great size and power, often heirlooms or presents from the gods. 4.The hero must undertake a long, perilous journey, often involving a descent into the Underworld, testing his endurance, courage, and cunning. 5.Although his fellows may be great warriors (he may have a commitatus, or group of noble followers with whom he grew up), he undertakes a task that no oneRead MoreAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness2142 Words   |  9 Pagesevil: The Journey to the Heart of real Darkness Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad has intrigued and confused many literary theorists since the book gained prominence in the early 1900s. 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Nature, Divinity, and Teaching in Renaissance Era Poetry Essay Example For Students

Nature, Divinity, and Teaching in Renaissance Era Poetry Essay Nature, Divinity, and Teaching in Renaissance Era Poetry and Prose In the prose work, The Defense of Poesy by Sir Philip Sidney, the narrative poem The Sheepherders Calendar by Edmund Spencer, and in the poem Wyatt restate here, that quick could never rest by Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, the authors honor the art of their literature. They are not specifically praising their literature, but literature in general in the time when these works were written. All three of these literary works have something in common something that allows the reader to see hat this Renaissance era literary works has a divine essence that honors the author and the work itself. This divine essence that is clearly found in these three works is a natural element. It is something that Just is it is something that cannot be explained in an earthly manner, but in a heavenly one. In his work, The Defense of Poesy, which closely emulates the 19th century work The Defense of Poetry by Percy Abysses Shelley, Sir Philip Sidney contemplates the importance of poetry and the poet. At the beginning of this work, Sidney is asserting the idea of honoring the poet, and compares them to the ancients. Sidney writes, Among the Romans a poet was called bates, which is as much as a diviner, foreseer, or prophet, as by his conjoined words Vatican and Vatican is manifest: so heavenly a title did that excellent people bestow upon this heart-ravishing knowledge (955). This is a perfect description of poetry that Sidney provides for the reader as he compares the poet to a prophet. Its a heavenly title that the ancients gave to their poets. Sidney is attempting to give a good name to the poets that are beginning to make names for themselves during the Renaissance era. Sidney will continue to discuss the divine elements of poetry and the poet throughout this prose work. One of the arguments against poets of this time was that their works were immoral. If its not the Bible, then anything else, including the poetry of the time, was considered unworthy and corrupt. Sidney argues this point though, and makes several points throughout this essay that poetry has its own divine qualities to it that make it significant and important. Sidney writes that some works Seem to have some divine force in it (956). He continues on into the next paragraph o point out an extremely relevant and strong argument about the Bible and poetry: poetry cant be immoral if there is poetry in the Bible. Sidney writes, And may not I presume a little further, to show the reasonableness of this word bates, and say that the holy Davits Psalms are a divine poem (956). Sir Philip Sidney continues to write about the divine nature of the significance of poetry throughout his essay. To make his strong arguments come across to any poetic non-believers who read this work Sidney will continue to use religion as an example to make his point. Sidney explains that there are two kinds of nature: one rated by God and the other created by the poet (which we can explain as the poets imagination). Sidney writes, Only the poet, disdaining to be tied to any such subjection, lifted up with the vigor of his own attention, doth grow in effect another discussing has free range. The imagination of the poet is unlimited. It is not confined by what nature provides. There are no boundaries. Sidney continues, Neither let it be deemed to saucy a comparison to balance the highest point of mans wit with the efficacy of nature; but rather give right honor to the heavenly Maker of that maker, ho having made man to His own likeness, set him beyond and over all the works of that second nature (957). .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b , .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b .postImageUrl , .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b , .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b:hover , .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b:visited , .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b:active { border:0!important; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b:active , .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucf01648cef118c308fe8e84ad569cd3b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The RenaissanceThe importance of poetry and the poet is clear in this work by Sir Philip Sidney as he writes, Poesy therefore is an art of imitation, for so Aristotle termed it in the word mimesis that is to say, a representing, counterfeiting, or figuring forth to speak metaphorically, a speaking picture with this end, to teach and delight (958). This is, essentially, how Sidney defines poetry. In his poem Wyatt restate here, that quick could never rest Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey honors Sir Thomas Wyatt the Elder as a poet with a variety of talents who served his country greatly through verse. As his contemporary, Surrey noticed that Wyatt was a great poet and even compared him to Chaucer. Just as Sidney represented poetry as a divine thing, Surrey describes the heavenly gifts that Wyatt had as a poet (2). There is a significant stanza that should be pointed out here. We can see that Surrey had a high standing for Wyatt and that this can be seen as a way of honoring all poets. An eye whose Judgment none affect could blind, Friends to allure and foes to reconcile, Whose piercing look did represent a mind With virtue fraught, repose ©d, void of guile. 21-24) Not only did Surrey see that Wyatt had virtue, but that he also was teaching through poetry. Surrey writes of Wyatt, A hand that taught what might be said in rhyme (13). We can see the connection between this poem and The Defense of Poesy. Poetry has an important Job to do for the readers that is to teach. Surrey recognized that Wyatt was using his poetry to teach the reader. Another important stanza in this poem that should be pointed out describes the fact that there is a nature that is heavily involved with the art and significance of poetry. Surrey writes: A valiant corpse where force and beauty met, Happy alas, too happy, but for foes; Lived and ran the race that Nature set, Of manhoods shape, where she the mold did lose. (29-32) Nature is capitalized and that seems to be considerable in order for Surrey to make the point that there is something else out there that makes poetry appear to be a divine art form that has significance and meaning to these poets of the Renaissance era. They are beginning to realize Just how significant and important their works are and how significant and important they will remain. In the pastoral narrative poem by Edmund Spencer, The Sheepherders Calendar, it is clear once more that poetry and prose has a significance and importance to it that is set up by nature and divine qualities, and that there is something to be learned from these art forms. Spencer sets up an argument early on in this work as he writes, the perfect pattern of a Poet Specially having been in all ages, and even amongst worthy and commendable an rate: or rather no rate, but a divine gift and heavenly instinct not to bee gotten by laborer and learning but adorned with both (709). Here is a third example of how poetry and prose is significant by claiming it to be a divine gift and heavenly instinct that is to be learned and worked for. Later on in the poem, Surrey offers another example of the divine qualities of this art form. He writes: O peerless Poesy, where is then thy place? If nor in Princes palace thou doe sit: (And yet is Princes palace the most fit) Nee Brest of bashers birth doth thee embrace, Then make thee wings of thin aspiring wit, And, whence thou camas, fly back to heaven apace. 79-84) Not only is heaven place where Poesy belongs, but it also belongs, according to Spencer, in a palace. It is royal and patriotic as well as divine and heavenly. Each of these three works of arts bring together nature, divinity, and teaching to show to the reader the significance that the literary works of this time were beginning to have upon the readers. Each author gets the same point across through each of their works of arts. Poesy has its own form of nature, Poesy has a divine quality to it, and Poesy should be a way to teach the readers that these works of art are natural and Just as divine as anything heavenly.

Workplace Diversity & Cultural Behavior-Free Samples-Myassignment

Question: Details your idea about Christian and sikhism 3 behaviour that you notice at the cultural setting and Compare between that cultural behavior and the behavior of another. Answer: It has been observed that when Christians visit church, men usually stands on the right hand side of the church and women stand on the left hand side. However, they always leave a space in their middle so that it becomes trouble-free for the priests to hold their services (Luzbetak, 2015) . In the temple for Sikhs, no chairs are supplied to them and therefore they have to sit on the carpeted floor. There might be few chairs, which are only for old people or physically disabled who have difficulty sitting on the floor. Christian people do not cover their heads when they are offering their prayers as a sign of expressing their devotion, whereas, women wear decent clothes with no makeup, which is a sign of patience and purity while they are serving god. On the other hand, when Sikh people visit temple the very first thing they do is to cover their heads. Men or women both have to cover their heads, remove their shoes and wash their hands and feet before entering the temple. Talking, laughing, and greeting friends or handshaking in the church means showing disrespect to the god and an act of disturbing others in their prayers. Chewing, eating or drinking inside the church is not allowed. However, Sikhs always bow down to their holy book first after entering the temple and they never show their back or sit with their feet pointed towards their lord and moreover they sit crossed leg in a yoga style once they are inside their temple (Mandair, Shackle Singh, 2013). References Luzbetak, L. J. (2015).The church and cultures: New perspectives in missiological anthropology. Orbis Books. Mandair, A. P. S., Shackle, C., Singh, G. (2013).Sikh religion, culture and ethnicity. Routledge.

Poppy free essay sample

As I strolled along the riverside, the cream pearl path led me towards a stone bridge. Artists sat nearby, the mens crisp moustaches added delight as each brush stroke swept across the canvass full of complimentary colors, adding life to the pink blossomed trees what danced delightfully by the river. The view was magnificent. Great Grand papa lets play catch! Im tired Poppy, come and help me catch some fish my angel. Okay Great Grand papa can I hold the net? These were some of the precious memories I have of my Great Granddad Jimmy, he was my hero. Today was his birthday and I got my favorite fishing rod and sat at our favorite spot, the birds sang on high branches above me it was so magical. The sun shone brightly and made the freshly cut grass scent tickle my nose. The water ripples formed a calm layer on the rivers surface, this was a perfect day to fish. We will write a custom essay sample on Poppy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As the sun sneaked behind the clouds I decided to go under the massive oak tree nearby to eat my sandwiches. Your Grandma has made us sweet Jam sandwiches Poppy, eat them all up. Yum My favorite, Grandma makes the best Jam sandwiches. As I finished my sandwiches the memories I had with my hero made me feel proud of the life I had. Although he wasnt here to share the good days with me I knew hed still be smiling. The sun tiptoed from behind the clouds to reveal its warmth again, I packed my lunch box back into my rucksack and was about to continue fishing when I was suddenly blinded by a radiant glow, as I placed my hand in front of my face to hide my eyes I was welcomed by an engraved silver box. I pushed the dirt what was surrounding it aside and placed it in my hands. I slowly pushed the lid up when it suddenly flipped open. There, lay 3 golden medals sitting elegantly in the silk lined box, the ribbon surrounding the two gold circled medals ND one star added color to them individually. Grandpa why have you got a scratch on your face? Dont worry sweetie its from when Great Grand papa takes away all that nasty hair on his face. Oh Grandpa you are silly, hurry and eat you sandwiches I want to play, I want to play As I placed the three medals back into the box I studied the initials engraved on the box M S J D Master Sergeant Jimmy Deacon. My Great Grandpa was really a hero! This was not Just his birthday but a day to make me believe in myself, chase my dreams and never regret a bad moment in my life. Just as I went to place the box into my rack sack I noticed a hole in the side of the box As I looked inside I could see a cream and crisp rolled up piece of paper. As I opened it carefully I began to read Dear diary, Although today was my last at serving in the army, the friends I have made will never be forgotten. That also includes the ones lost along the way, we have all gone on a journey, exploring our strengths and improving our weaknesses. Missing my family is what hurts the most but knowing I will be holding my first great grand child for the first time makes the days go quicker. My wife is my strength and has helped me to keep together at such a traumatic time, losing my best friend was tough but with what we are expected to do each day theres no time tort mourning, you Just nave to smile and hope your not next. Forever wishing my days away to meet my little Poppy, shes the miracle who also kept me strong. This new life added to the life I thought was going to end. Jimmy. As I read this piece of paper over and over I realized the medals really did belong to my Great Grandpa, the last words filled my eyes with happiness, I was the one who pet my hero strong and I was the life that helped to keep him going and not give up. I wanted to make my Great Grandpa proud As I placed the medal and diary paper into my rucksack I continued my Journey home, each step added excitement to my veins. Artists that was sat painting earlier had now gone and was replaced with restaurant owners giving out flyers for the people walking by. I smiled and continued my walk. As I looked up at the sky an airplane passing over made me think more about my dream and the decision I was going to make, my Great Grand papa was looking over me today and placed my ream right into my hands. I didnt want to be Just Poppy, I wanted to make my country proud and also my hero. As I entered the key into the door, I walked into my house and placed the box onto the table. I then ran upstairs and grabbed the application form. Grand papa when Im older I want to be Just like you. Well Poppy Whatever decision you make in life, make sure youre always happy. These words will stay with me for the rest of my life. As I signed on the dotted line I was no longer Poppy but Dame General Poppy Deacon. It was now my turn to walk in my Grandpas footsteps, my Hero.

The eNotes Blog Happy Birthday Bukowski

Happy Birthday Bukowski There are so many quotes I could draw from that would be emblematic of the character of Charles Bukowski, the larger-than-life poet, novelist, alcoholic, and grim prophet of love. But today, on the day he would have turned 92, I choose two nights before my 72nd birthday. Written exactly two decades ago, shortly before his death of leukemia, the poem calmly, almost ambivalently, reflects on aging and death. Bukowski seems drained of all the lingering angst from his difficult childhood, only amazed at the fact hes lasted this long and grateful for his glass of cabernet and the warm night. Its pleasant to think of him admiring lifes simplicities, not really wanting or regretting, merely enjoying what would be his second-to-last birthday. That night, I think, a secret bluebird gave a little whistle somewhere. sitting here on a boiling hot night while drinking a bottle of cabernet sauvignon after winning $232 at the track. theres not much I can tell you except if it werent for my bad right leg I dont feel much different than I did 30 or 40 years ago (except that now I have more money and should be able to afford a decent burial). also, I drive better automobiles and have stopped carrying a switchblade. I am still looking for a hero, a role model, but cant find one. I am no more tolerant of Humanity than I ever was. I am not bored with myself and find that I am the only one I can turn to in time of crisis. Ive been ready to die for decades and Ive been practicing, polishing up for that end but its very hot tonight and I can think of little but this fine cabernet, thats gift enough for me. sometimes I cant believe Ive come this far, this has to be some kind of goddamned miracle! just another old guy blinking at the forces, smiling a little, as the cities tremble and the left hand rises, clutching something real. Happy Birthday Bukowski.

Feasibility study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Feasibility study - Essay Example We have huge opportunities to capture the market as no such proper wedding planners exist in the country which gives all matrimonial services under one roof. And that's makes us different from others. We prefer to choose the ownership as partnership instead of any company. There are many reasons for it. As initially the investment we require is not huge as it would be a service based company instead of manufacturers. So initially, huge capital is not required to start up the business. As mentioned earlier, we are not in need of huge capital to start up this business as it is a service based industry. Instead of having land, the company can lease or rent the building at any posh area of Lahore. The labor or manpower we need for this business is relatively cheap. The Human resource is skilled and has a strong traditional background. All we need is a good team to start with which is not only talented and capable but has a strong passion of their work. So the main focus should be on hiring the good team and establishing an office at a good area with little publicity. The capital can be bringing into business through two options. One from personal savings and secondly to have a loan from any reputed bank in the company. Our project will start in Lahore, Pakistan. ... One from personal savings and secondly to have a loan from any reputed bank in the company. 2. PROJECT ENVIORMENT: 2.1 EXPECTED BENEFITS FROM THE BUSINESS: Our project will start in Lahore, Pakistan. Lahore is thickly populated city, and a capital of province Punjab. The rate of pollution is high but it has nothing to do with our business as we are not specializing in manufacturing concern. We are a service based industry. The GDP of the country is not very high but overall communities are rich and wealthy. The expected benefits we can achieve from the business are unbelievable. Pakistan is the country where people spend million every year on weddings. It is cultural and tradition of people to celebrate weddings with so much enthusiasm. But unfortunately there is no proper wedding planners who provide such kind of services in one package under one roof. In this fast moving life, people wants to spend more and have wedding planners who will fix up everything for them. Our company can not only earn high yields, but can create monopoly in the industry. And this can bring high rewards for the company. 2.2 COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT: The environment is not that much competitive as we think of. There are few competitors in the industry but they don't provide the whole range of service. There is as such no major competitor and the company can excel well. 2.3 POLITICAL ENVIORMENT: The political environment to start up this business is very well. The country is stable and has as such no major issues to be resolved. The country is developing rapidly and over all political environments is favorable. 2.4 TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIORMENT: The over all environments towards technology are favorable. The Country adopts every new technology

The library research essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The library research - Essay Example Considering the ages that play video games, teenagers are worst affected in terms of time taken, and research has shown that most of the teenagers take about average of 4-5 hours a day; thus, in most cases, the parents dislike video games since they are considered the facilitating factor for laziness on children. Video games are addictive just like drugs do, it makes those addicted especially the teenagers to abscond most of the important activities in the day, without guidance, it can destructive but can be beneficial to the players if considered carefully. There is a significant contribution of spatial reasoning in education, and there is a connection between those children that are good in spatial reasoning and there performance in IQ tests. In this regard, those children who have good spatial skills do excel in geometry and demonstrates good mental manipulation and navigation skills. In terms of gender, girls are considered not to easily adapt to spatial reasoning growth compared to boys, improvement of spatial reasoning is enhanced by playing video games, in this case, the skills required to play the game that also involves manipulation and anticipation of the objects, which eventually improves the skills of spatial reasoning (Anderson, Douglas, and Katherine 45). Furthermore, there is a special skill acquired through critical thinking, with critical thinking, one is able to master concepts rather than just memorize those concepts. Critical thinking is very important in making insights in technical subjects like engineering, math, science, and even humanities, in the playing of the video games, there are novels of problems that are presented to the person playing the game and needs a split of a second to solve (Anderson, Douglas, and Katherine 49). In this case, the gamers will have to learn how to think quickly and in several ways within a short time, the same speedy solution to a problem by provision of many options is transferred to other real life situ ation and the teenagers that play such video games have high chances of sharpening the critical thinking. In addition, the fact that video games are designed to be more realistic and the concern that it might increase violent activities is not true, as most of the video games today have been used to pass specific knowledge and have dominated teaching in institution. Simulation using video games are today used in surgery schools and can pass important information to the teenager who wants to acquire specific skills like surgery. There is also a sense of rehabilitation that comes with video game playing, for instance, there is a 13-year-old boy who suffered Erb’s palsy noticed remarkable improvement on how to control his arms after video games play (Bissell 32). Additionally, there is a false stereotype that is given to those who play video games, they are described as those who are antisocial and cannot lose an eye off the screen, this position is not true because the contempo rary video games are designed in a way that it helps in solving problem and complete tasks. There is the sense of building social skills especially those who are introverted; they get a solace from the video games that provide a stress free way for social interaction

Clyfford still Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Clyfford still - Essay Example The artist’s feelings are also on the surface as it is clear that Still sympathized with those people and he is also very sad that some people had to live in such conditions. It is also possible to assume that the artist feels that the American society cannot be called a just one, as there are so many poor people who do not enjoy equal rights and do not have equal opportunities with the rest of Americans. As far as I am concerned, the painting made quite a strong impression on me. The first thing that caught my eye was the hands (as well as feet) of the man and the woman. It is clear that very poor people are depicted. The hands can be regarded as a symbol of hard work and large feet can symbolize distances that these people have to cover. I felt sorrow for the couple who had to work very hard day after day. My sad feelings were enhanced by the posture of the couple. The man and the woman are absolutely devastated. I almost felt their weariness. I assume that these two people are not only tired of the work, they are also tired of their lives. The man and the woman are dreaming and I feel they do not have any dreams as they have no enough powers to create any images in their heads, since they are too tired. Finally, one element attracted my special attention. The horseshoe, which is the symbol of good luck, can be regarded as a symbol of hope in the painting. The couple could hope that they might someday overcome their difficulties and live a happy and prosperous life. However, I do not feel that there is any hope for the two people. Unfortunately, when I am looking at the painting, I can only see despair and endless suffering of the couple as well as millions of other people all over the

Effect Of Exercise On The Human Body Physical Education Essay

Effect Of Exercise On The Human Body Physical Education Essay The increase in the prevalence of obesity has seemed to lead to an increase in the trend of healthy eating and exercise over the years (Flegal, Carroll, Ogden Johnson, 2002). Interestingly, exercise is actually considered a form of stress, as it is a disruption of homoeostasis (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.22). Exercise is defined as a single acute bout of bodily exertion or muscular activity that requires an expenditure of energy above resting level and that in most, but not all, cases results in voluntary movement (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.705). When we run our heart rate rises, our muscles move faster, our respiratory rate increase, and so on. When we lift weights our muscles are pushed to work harder either via repetition and sets or the amount we lift. During these time periods, our body is struggling to maintain homoeostasis; a healthy form of stress that can make the human body more efficient and productive. Exercise will affect each system differently and different exercise will affect the different systems differently. It is said that health-related physical fitness is composed of components representing cardiovascular-respiratory endurance, metabolism and muscular fitness (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.22). In other words, the main systems that are affected by exercise are our cardiovascular, respiratory, and muscular systems. Exercise also affects our metabolism, which is not a system on its own; however is a key component to provided energy for our body. When we exercise, we need energy. Therefore energy production, or metabolism, is affected by exercise. Metabolism is defined as the the total of all energy transformations that occur in the body (Plowman Smith, 2011, p. 27). To make adenosine tripohophate (ATP), the bodys form of energy, from the food we consume we use a process called cellular respiration. Our resources included carbohydrates, triglycerides and amino acids. Through carbohydrate metabolism, we are able to break down carbohydrates into glucose or glycogen. From there our glucose or glycogen will go through the process of glycolysis to make pyruvate or lactic acid. The acids then become acetyl coenzyme A, which would then go through the Kreb cycle and the electron transport system to create ATP. From our carbohydrate we get a range of thirty to thirty-three ATPs; depending on the muscle group and if glucose on glycogen was used. With triglycerides, we must break it down into fatty acids and glycerol. The fatty acids t hen go through the process of beta oxidation to create acetyl coenzyme A. The number of ATP formed depends on the number of carbon pairs found in the triglyceride. Amino acids make about ten to fifteen percent of our energy supply; and therefore are used as a last resort (Plowman Smith, 2011). During exercise, the goal of metabolism is to do three things. First, increase mobilisation and usage of the free fatty acids in adipose tissue and intramuscular stores. Second, decrease the amount of glucose sent to muscles that are not being used while still sending some to our nervous system; particularly our brain. Third, increase the breakdown of glucose stores in the liver and muscles. This creates glucose from non-carbohydrate sources (Plowman Smith, 2011). We used a different source of energy depending on the type of exercise. If the duration of the exercise were to decrease and or if there is an increase in intensity then carbohydrates would become our main source. However, if we increased our duration and decreased our intensity the many sources would be triglycerides. When the duration is longer than an hour that is when amino acids make a small contribution to the energy production. The effects of exercise on our metabolism, in turn, affect the efficiency of other systems in the body, such as the respiratory system. While exercising, one of the first things we mentally note is a change in is our Respiratory System. This is quite simply because of the high demand for energy, exercise creates. Our respiratory system is used to provided energy via aerobic metabolism, in other words, it brings in the oxygen we need to create ATP. Therefore, it makes sense that we breathe more frequently to help our body get the energy it needs. To speed up the process, it would be best if the rate at which oxygen disassociated from haemoglobin increased. This is exactly what happens. Here is how: as we create more energy the waste product, carbon dioxide, also increases. Therefore our partial pressure of carbon dioxide increase; and because of the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system, there is also a decrease in the pH levels (Martini, Ober Nath, 2012). There is also an increase in body temperatures, which is a byproduct of energy production. These conditions increase the rate of dissociation of oxygen from the protein haemoglobin. What is interesting is our misconception with the idea of our respiratory system as a limiting factor. The phrase, I am out of breath, is commonly heard by runners and gym goers. However, our level of respiratory activity is almost equal to the rate of work being done. If we take our increased activity into hand and our respiratory systems large reserve, we find that the respiratory system does not limit our ability to exercise in any way (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.385). We do not see many adaptions in the respiratory system as a result of training. As a stressor, exercise does not stress the limitations of the respiratory system; and as a result, we do not see any long or short term changes. There are some changes in the respiratory system as a result of water based exercises. We find that they have a higher lung volume and capacities. The reason for this is unknown. However, there is a theory that swimmerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦breath against the resistance of water, using a restricted breathing pattern with repeated expansion of the lungs to total capacity (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.305). Swimmers also do work in the horizontal position; a position optimal for perfusion of the lung and diffusion of respiratory gases (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.307). In swimmers, we also find that there is a report of higher diffusion capacity. This is also seen in runners. However, this is more likely due to circulatory changes. A slight increase in our minute ventilation is also seen as a result of training adaptation. Minute ventilation or minute volume is defined as the amount of air coming into and leaving the respiratory system per minute (Martini, Ober Nath, 2012). It is the components of minute volume that we see the change in, which affects the minute volume. Minute volume equals to how many breaths we take per minute times our tidal volume. Our tidal volume is the amount of air you move into or out of your lungs during a single respiratory cycle under resting conditions; in other words, it is quite breathing (Martini, Ober Nath, 2012, p. 739). With exercise, our tidal volume adapts and increases at rest. Therefore, individual who frequently exercise  will develop a large tidal volume. As a result, the minute volume is higher after training than before, allowing for the ability to increase our endurance (Plowman Smith, 2011). Besides these changes, we do not see a lot of long-term adaptations in the respiratory system as a result of exercise. The changes mentioned are also very minimal. An area we see a lot changes in response to exercise is our cardiovascular system and muscular system. The ability to deliver oxygen (and other substances) depends on the proper functioning of the cardiovascular system (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.323). As we exercise the need for oxygen increases and carbon dioxide concentration in our blood increase. Chemoreceptor and baroreceptors detect this change in the blood. To get the proper resources to the proper place certain factors of our cardiovascular system start to increase during exercise. These factors include our stroke volume, heart rate, cardiac output, and systolic blood pressure. Stroke volume is the amount of blood that is ejected from the heart after every beat; the amount per minute is the cardiac output. Systolic blood pressure is the blood pressure during a contra ction (Plowman Smith, 2011). The kind of exercise will affect how much these factors will increase or how rapidly it will increase. For example, during the short term, light to moderate aerobic exercise make our factors increase rapidly. However, during incremental exercise, our factors will increase in a rectilinear fashion as the workload increases. Our vascular system also plays an important role as we exercise. When exercising we find that there is a decrease in resistance of the arteries and veins, in other words, we see an increase in vasodilatation. This allows for more blood to go to working muscle, while making sure the blood pressure does not rise excessively (Plowman Smith, 2011). Our cardiovascular system will also contribute to maintaining homoeostasis of our body temperatures. When it comes to thermoregulation the environment surrounding our bodies can be very influential. However, our body is able to maintain an internal temperature via metabolic heat production, body heat radiation, conduction, convection and evaporation. Our cardiovascular system plays a role by capturing the heat exerted by our muscular system and sending them to be released via our peripheral vascular system. One of our primary defences against heat stress, especially while exercising, is sweating. However, there are situations where the thermoregulatory and metabolic demands are not meet by the cardiovascular systems. In this case, an individual can develop heat illness such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke. That is why it is important for those who exercise to keep hydrated before, during and after exercise (Plowman Smith, 2011). Over time we will find that exercise will cause our cardiovascular system to adapt. With endurance training, we will see an increase in blood volume and plasma volume. However, the increase in plasma volume will be seen at the beginning of the training while blood volume increase will not happen until much later. As a result of endurance training, individuals develop a lower heart rate at rest as well as the maximal oxygen consumption (Plowman Smith, 2011). Approximately forty percent of the deaths in America are caused by cardiovascular disease. One of the top cardiovascular diseases is coronary heart disease. However, there are studies that show exercise can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Exercise can even reduce the risk of factors that cause cardiovascular diseases; such as properties of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is characterised by high visceral abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, reduced glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and hypertension. Together, these are factors that can cause cardiovascular diseases. By exercising, we can reduce the risk of many diseases, not just one (Plowman Smith, 2011). The second system that is largely affected by exercise is our skeletal muscular system. Generally, our skeletal muscles are important for posture, heat generation, and motion. To help perform these actions our nervous system plays the control our skeletal muscles. A motor unit is the combinations of the motor neurone and the muscle fibres it stimulates. ATP plays an important role here. This is because one neurone gives the signal for the muscle fibres to contract; the muscle fibres will need the energy to contract and then relax (Plowman Smith, 2011). Human muscle fibres are categorised by contractile properties and metabolic properties. From the contractile perspective, we have fast-twitch fibres and slow-twitch fibres. The ability for the fibre to contract slowly or quickly has more to do with the motor neurone then the fibre. Alpha-1 motor neurones are larger, have high recruitment threshold, and faster conductivity velocity; innervate fast twitch fibres. Alpha 2 motor neurones are smaller, have slower conduction velocity and low recruitment threshold; innervate slow twitch fibres. Metabolically, fast twitch fibres can make energy via oxidation and glycolytic metabolism or just glycolytic metabolism. However, slow twitch fibres can only make energy via oxidative metabolism (Plowman Smith, 2011). Through studies, we have found that athletes that practice endurance activities will have a higher percentage of slow twitch fibres. Individuals who are involved in resistance activities will have a higher percentage of fast twitch fibres. However, it is believed that this is more genetically based, then based on nurture. That is to say, that it is easier for some who has a high amount of fast twitch fibres will be better at resistance activities. While those with high slow twitch fibres are better at endurance activities. Therefore, the contractile properties of muscle fibres cannot be changed via exercise; however, our metabolic properties can be. It is possible for training to cause enough fast twitch fibres to change metabolically, so that they switch from oxidative-glycolytic metabolism to glycolytic metabolism (Plowman Smith, 2011). While training and exercising, we must be aware of muscular fatigue and muscular soreness. Muscular fatigue results from a loss of muscle functions and is largely depend upon the type of muscle fibre being used. Different exercises will use different muscle fibres; therefore, different kinds of exercise will cause muscle fatigue differently. For example, in static activity hydrogen ions increase, glycolysis is inhibited, fewer calcium ions are released in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and there is an occlusion of blood flow. Any of these, if enough or a combination of all of them, can cause muscle fatigue. Muscle soreness is the same idea as overexertion (Plowman Smith, 2011, p. 547). There are two types: immediate-onset soreness and delayed-onset muscle soreness. Immediate-onset soreness is pain that occurs during and immediately after exercise. When over exercising hydrogen ion concentration and lactic acid levels increase, this increase causes an over stimulation of pain receptors. It is believed that this is what cause immediate-onset soreness. However, it is not sure what causes delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS). DOMS is the pain that is felt at least eight hours after exercising and, reaches peaks and falls over the next ninety-six hours. Athletes and trainers must beware to avoid these conditions because it can affect athletic participation and performance (Plowman Smith, 2011). Different exercises lead to muscle fatigue differently than another type of exercise. This is the same as the adaptations seen in our muscular system. Different kinds of exercises will lead to different adaptations. Resistance training is used to improve overall health, improve athletic performance; rehabilitate injuries, and change physical appearance (Plowman Smith, 2011, p. 580). Muscular adaptions, however, also rely heavily on their individual goals; and occur at different rates. Trainers must remember to apply a training program based on the individual or team and their capabilities (Plowman Smith, 2011). Metabolism, cardiovascular system, and the muscular system are the main aspects of our body that are affected by exercise. However, our other systems are also affected. Our skeletal system is important for protection, support, mineral storage, hematopoiesis and movement. Studies have shown that exercise has a positive effect on bone health and helps avoid disease such as osteoporosis. Physical activity creates an increase in mechanical force that leads to mechanotransduction. Mechanotransduction is the process of osteocytes modelling and remodelling the bones. This makes the bone stronger. Bending our bones also causes stress (compressive and tensile stress) that changes the hydrostatic pressure of our bones. The change in pressure increases the movement of the fluid within the bone. Fluid in the bone carries the nutrients and wastes; as well as results in the formation of new bone. Exercise helps the body to reach peak bone mass while still growing, offset menopause and slow down bo ne loss that occurs later in life. However, if exercise is done excessively their activity can exceed the adaptive ability of bone, resulting is overuse injury (Plowman Smith, 2011, p. 501). The nervous system was seen coming into play with our muscular system; however, our nervous system also works with our endocrine system when responding to exercise. When responding to stress in general, our nervous system and the endocrine systems will come into play. Since exercise is a stress, we see a response from the nervous system and the endocrine system. Specifically, the sympathetic and the parasympathetic come into play during different points of the exercise. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS), our fight or flight response, will come into play during exercise. While our parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), rest and digest, will be important for recovery; breaking down energy for our muscle recovery, taking deep slow breaths, and so on. The SNS will, during exercise, ensure to enhance our cardiovascular functions, regulate blood flow and maintain blood pressure and thermal balance, and increase fuel mobilisation (Plowman Smith, 2011. It has also been found that after lo ng bouts of exercise a group of neuropeptides called endogenous opioids is released in the central nervous system. Endogenous opioids, or opioids, are a famously know as opium from the best and for subsiding pain (Jonsdottir, 2002). While running as pain levels reach certain levels opioids are released, and are also known to cause runners second the wind or runners high (Widmaier, Raff Strang, 2008, p. 171). The endocrine system also plays a role when exercising. While exercising there is an increase in the release of our metabolic hormones; glucagon, insulin, growth hormone, epinephrine and norepinephrine. These hormones work together to maintain blood glucose levels and mobilise fuel for ATP production. Epinephrine and norepinephrine also help to enhance cardiac function and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. Adaptive, our endocrine system may change due to exercise. However, it depends on the individual. The adaptation could make the individual more sensitive to lower levels of hormone so that the same effect occurs following training even without a changing baseline (Plowman Smith, 2011, p. 645). Our immune system will also respond to exercise. It has been found that will moderate exercise will lead to higher numbers and activity of neutrophils, natural killer cells, B and T cells, macrophages, and more. Thus making out immune system stronger. However, during excessive exercise, we see a decrease in natural killer cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils. It is believed that this is likely for the vulnerability to acute infections. No pain, no gain, is what is often said among friends when exercising. It is important to remember that exercise is a stressor, and that one will feel pain as a result. It is also important to beware of the effects of over-exercising. Exercise, if done right, can help avoid, delay and lessen the effects of disease; as well enhance our bodies to function to its prime.

Robotics :: essays research papers

Two years ago, the Chrysler corporation completely gutted its Windsor, Ontario, car assembly plant and within six weeks had installed an entirely new factory inside the building. It was a marvel of engineering. When it came time to go to work, a whole new work force marched onto the assembly line. There on opening day was a crew of 150 industrial robots. Industrial robots don't look anything like the androids from sci-fi books and movies. They don't act like the evil Daleks or a fusspot C-3P0. If anything, the industrial robots toiling on the Chrysler line resemble elegant swans or baby brontosauruses with their fat, squat bodies, long arched necks and small heads. An industrial robot is essentially a long manipulator arm that holds tools such as welding guns or motorized screwdrivers or grippers for picking up objects. The robots working at Chrysler and in numerous other modern factories are extremely adept at performing highly specialized tasks - one robot may spray paint car part s while another does spots welds while another pours radioactive chemicals. Robots are ideal workers: they never get bored and they work around the clock. What's even more important, they're flexible. By altering its programming you can instruct a robot to take on different tasks. This is largely what sets robots apart from other machines; try as you might you can't make your washing machine do the dishes. Although some critics complain that robots are stealing much-needed jobs away from people, so far they've been given only the dreariest, dirtiest, most soul-destroying work. The word robot is Slav in origin and is related to the words for work and worker. Robots first appeared in a play, Rossum's Universal Robots, written in 1920 by the Czech playwright, Karel Capek. The play tells of an engineer who designs man-like machines that have no human weakness and become immensely popular. However, when the robots are used for war they rebel against their human masters. Though industrial robots do dull, dehumanizing work, they are nevertheless a delight to watch as they crane their long necks, swivel their heads and poke about the area where they work. They satisfy "that vague longing to see the human body reflected in a machine, to see a living function translated into mechanical parts", as one writer has said. Just as much fun are the numerous "personal" robots now on the market, the most popular of which is HERO, manufactured by Heathkit.

“Geese from Drinking Coffee Elsewhere” by Z.Z. Packer Essay

â€Å"Travel is a Fool’s Paradise† – Ralph Waldo Emerson Traveling is a rite of passage for some younger people. Many consider these times rewarding to the psyche of a young adult, as experiences in other lands broaden their senses. College students embark on sabbaticals to spend time in the real world. Others temporarily replant themselves, to experience other places, cultures, and languages, and in doing so to find out more about themselves. And there are that select few who use relocation as a form of escape from their tumultuous lives, because as they say, â€Å"the grass is always greener†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Some never return home. Whatever your reason for these journeys, it should be understood that going outside one’s comfort zone can test your mettle, and good judgement and wit are crucial in surviving in a foreign land, where language, culture, and even racism are an issue. A few wrong steps and you may find yourself a few shingles short of a roof over your head. It is that last category of drifters who define â€Å"Geese,† where Dina and four other ex-patriots find themselves sharing a one room flat in Japan. These misfortunate individuals are escaping from themselves, and through misplaced pride, ill preparation, and execution find themselves on the brink of self-annihilation, finally regressing into their own futileness. The story begins with Dina, a girl from a hardscrabble section of Baltimore with â€Å"boarded-up row houses the city had promised to renovate,† (210) relating to her reasons for moving to Japan. Aside from high yield economic opportunities that don’t exist in her neighborhood, she pines for a â€Å"loveliness† that Japan will offer through its ceremonious bowing, sashimi delicacies, calligraphy, and architecture. (211) Really what she is seeking is a respite from her former environment, where the creed is â€Å"Never advertise your poverty. Dress immaculately. Always smell good, not just clean.† (224) Once in Japan Dina soon finds herself in a community of people, also fleeing from their own pasts. Petra, a once aspiring model who had a career-changing accident, has exhausted her â€Å"once sizable bank account† for reconstructive surgery and is now broke, and it becomes apparent that she is escaping a place that once knew her as beautiful, a land of runways and pan-seared foie gras. (215, 219) In tow with petra is Zoltan, her hot-headed boyfriend who â€Å"had given up bodybuilding once he  stepped off the plane at Narita,† a statement that if probed procures tears from Petra. (218) Later, we see the arrival of Sayeed, another squatter who has defied his family’s honor and has been exiled from morocco, only to fail at opening a business in Japan. After his assault on Dina, his allusions of conspiracy and subsequent violent behavior suggest he is also escaping a world that is aware of his imbalance. Finally there’s Ari, whose back-story is not revealed, though he forms a glue that keeps the community together, which may be his crux, as this reflex hints he had presided over a different family. As these folks settle in and eventually succumb to their fate, one has to wonder, why stay in this same state? Why cling to this unfamiliar atmosphere and not redeem yourself? This inquiry is explored as an expression of pride when Ari is asked why he let them stay at the apartment in the first place. â€Å"Ari held out his hand and said, ‘See this? Five fingers. One hand’† (218). And after a roommate has had enough, Ari retorts, â€Å"Can’t take? You must!† (222) Petra’s insistence that she †could not go back to Moldova† reflects that she literally doesn’t want to show her face again to her contemporaries until her talked-about trans-pacific voyage to save face is fully realized. â€Å"I go to America next. Say, ‘Fix my face. Fix face for actual.’ And they will fix.† (215-216) Her partner Zoltan is also dealing with his own physical hang-ups. His body, once looking as if â€Å"constructed of hundreds of bags of hard-packed sugar,† is now eviscerated due to a diet of â€Å"crackers and ramen.† (217-218) But he proudly parades around pictures of his former glory in an attempt to distract himself from his deportation and sudden halt of his career. Dina feels that returning to Baltimore at this point would be considered a failure, as she told Miss Gloria and others of her â€Å"hopes of making a pile of money, socking it away, then living somewhere cheap and tropical for a year.† (210) Coming home empty-handed and not having learned anything in Japan would label her as a dreamer, and the boarded-up row houses would look the same, against her wishes. And later, when she finds some solace in memories of Baltimore, and even homesickness, the feelings are quickly â€Å"swept away like little wrappers,† (224) and she goes on to endure her current situation. It is the blind tenacity of these five characters, along with their near-sightedness and lack of planning, which  unsurprisingly leads them to hit rock bottom, especially in the case of Dina. All the characters seemed to have ignored the fact that Japan is hard place for a foreigner to succeed in. In addition to the obvious language barriers, there is also a current state of â€Å"Economic downturn,† where â€Å"people want to hire Japanese† as an â€Å"obligation,† which leaves Dina and her cohorts with only marginal or seasonal opportunities, or a â€Å"gaijin dumping ground.† (212) There is also an undercurrent of sexism and racism affecting all of these gaijin. When a Japanese boy encounters the quintet in the park, he wants to ask, â€Å"Do you have tails? Do you come out at night and suck blood?† (228) And being in a land where the Japanese women themselves experience sexism, Dina finds herself harassed by businessmen and propositioned by a visa interviewer. (214) But they will persevere, although rather ineptly, and without foresight. Dina, after losing her job, sells the return part of her round-trip ticket, and actually takes a vacation. She eats â€Å"an outrageously expensive bento lunch,† visits a part of Tokyo that sells â€Å"electronics she couldn’t afford,† then observes â€Å"skinny prostitutes† as they â€Å"dart into doorways without signs.† (213) And now she is broke with an expired visa. Petra, who was regrettably unaware that there were no opportunities available for a person with such an â€Å"affliction,† (216) is now adamant in not finding a job, and her main contribution to the household is incessant weeping. Her other half is now content in â€Å"maundering about with the look of a beast in his lair,† and also resists seeking employment. (217) This couple wants to simply disappear into Japan. Sayeed has no backup plan and blames his financiers back home as well as Dina. Finally Ari, the meek breadwinner of the group, has lost his job near the end of the story and has failed to save any money. It is around this point that begins a period of petty theft, public humiliation, and near starvation. Dina’s â€Å"nebulous fluffy things that had started in her chest† (211) have tragically led her to dart into her own doorway of prostitution. Dina then sees a formation of geese, which reminds her of the  promise-keeping kamikaze, whose planes were â€Å"allotted just enough fuel for it’s one-way trip.† (233) This arrogance of youth is demonstrated in the group’s destination of self-destruction, with escape, pride, and obliviousness at the wheel. We learn how their bitterness is a continuation of what existed back home. While â€Å"Geese† is certainly a page-turner, in the end it leaves one wondering what’s at stake for the clan. Will they roam further? In my earlier travels, I too have pondered my fate while watching a flock of birds fly by, and have been left to walk for four hours to my friend’s farm in the middle of the night, while wondering what I was fleeing from. But I luckily knew when to get off the road and return to normalcy. When in dire straits in a â€Å"foreign† place, a trip to the local embassy is your best bet. I should hope that this flock of migrants h as the wherewithal to do the same. Safe travels.

The Historical Inaccuracies of Gangs of New York essays

The Historical Inaccuracies of Gangs of New York essays Martin Scorsese's Gangs of New York is a film that shows the squalor of the worst slum in New York City in the mid 1800's, Five Points. With ten Oscar nominations, it is arguably one of the greatest historical movies to date (Koban). But just how historically accurate is it? While some people think the movie does a great job of depicting the time period, historians say it lacks authenticity. This paper will discuss Scorsese's historical inaccuracies in the cinema. Two of the major settings in the movie were historically inaccurate. The opening scene contains a setting that is a massive catacomb like structure that has hundreds of people draped in rags with skulls and bones lying on the floor and other horrible conditions. But this structure couldn't have existed during the time period because Five Points was built on the site of the filled in Collect Pond (Snyder).The ground wouldn't have been stable enough to have such a structure exist. The other setting that adds to the historical inaccuracy is the building named The Old Brewery. The Old Brewery is depicted as a tenement house with wide open spaces to house immigrants. It is also used as the headquarters for Amsterdam Vallon's Dead Rabbits, the protagonist's gang. Even the screenwriter for the movie, Jay Cocks says the setting in the movie is merely what they imagined it would have looked like rather than being based on historical accuracy (Andbinder and Cocks). The catacombs and their th ousands of inhabitants in the movie were used by Scorsese to show how overcrowded the slums were during the time period. They were also used to depict the living conditions of the new immigrants, even if they were more dramatized in the movie than in real life (Chamberlin). The most interesting and inaccurately depicted character of the movie was the antagonist Bill the Butcher played by Daniel Day-Lewis. Bill the Butcher is based on an actual butcher from the period named Bill Poole (Wu). Bil...

Costa Rica Essays - Ornamental Trees, Plant Life-form, Free Essays

Costa Rica Essays - Ornamental Trees, Plant Life-form, Free Essays Costa Rica Greg Coffta Bio190/Costa Rican Adventures 11/30/1999 Part I Banana: Bananas were most likely picked up by the European traders in Southeast Asia when in search for spices. Soon, as the discovery of the Tropics arrived, traders took bananas to Central America. Breadfruit: this fruit commonly grows among the southern Pacific islands, and it probably found its way to Costa Rica when the natives started to explore on boat. Chocolate: as far as I could find, chocolate is native to Central America. It comes from the fruit of the Cacao Tree, and was traditionally used by the Aztecs. Coconuts: Coconuts also come from Tropical Pacific islands, and the actual coconut itself probably floated across the ocean, only to land on the shores of Costa Rica. Coffee: Coffee is speculated to have grown initially somewhere around Arabia. Its first recorded use was in 675 B.C., by the Red Sea. Most likely picked up along spice trading expeditions, the Europeans once again brought coffee to the Americas. Finding it grows well in that particular climate, the commercial cultivation began. Mango: Another fruit Native to the eastern part of the world, traders such as Columbus and Vespucci also brought this to the Americas. Papaya: During the slave trade, Slave traders often picked up some of the fruit from southern Africa. Possibly on accident, this fruit was spread to Central America and is now commercially grown. Quinine: Being a Tropical country, Costa Rica had its problems with malaria. One of the drugs used to treat malaria was Quinine, derived from the South American Cinchona trees. Traded by natives throughout the region, Quinine was used as a natural remedy before Europeans discovered it. Sugar Cane: Sugar cane is native to the Middle East, Kazakhstan and India, used by Europeans as a sweetening agent, it soon was commercially grown and exported from many of the newly discovered Tropical nations, most likely by slave labor. Tomatoes: Indigenous to South America, the Tomatoes was once though by the Patagonians to be poisonous. After discovering they were not, it became a widely traded commodity throughout the world. Growing best is warm, humid regions of the earth with sandier soil, there is no doubt as to why tomatoes are cultivated in Costa Rica. Material Sited From Includes: Encarta Interactive Encyclopedia 1998, and various Internet search engine results. PART II Arboreal: Of or living in the trees. Biome: A major regional biotic community, such as a grassland or desert. Biodiversity: each biome being different Canopy: the uppermost layer in a forest Carbon Cycle: only a certain amount of carbon is circulated throughout the environment, appears in many different forms. Climax Community: An established ecosystem in which the area allows for the maximum animal occupation. Community: A group of plants and animals living together in an area. Consumer: a buyer of goods and services, or crops produced especially for consumption Decomposer: any organism that breaks down organic matter into its basic elements. Decomposition: the process of breaking organic matter down into its basic elements. Ecology: the science of the relationship between organisms and their environments Ecosystem: an ecological community together with its environment functions as a unit. Epiphyte: a plant such as Spanish moss or a Tropical orchid living on an independent plant. Erosion: washing away the topsoil of the region either by wind or water. Ethnobotany: studying the relationship between a race of people and the plants they use. Forest: a growth of trees, plants and underbrush that cover a large area, living symbiotically with other organisms. Habitat: the area or environment in which an organism lives. Hydrologic Cycle: only a certain amount of water is circulated throughout the environment, takes many different phases, very little water has been created or destroyed. Leaching: water running off of the topsoil, carrying many different chemicals and sediment Liana: vines Litter: discarding waste products carelessly Monoculture: the cultivation of a single crop in an area Niche: an animals best-suited environment Photosynthesis: the process carried out by a plant that turns sunlight and water into energy Pollination Vector: pollen from plants being distributed throughout the environment by other living organisms Producer: one who creates or produces something, consumer goods Rain Forest: a dense evergreen forest usually in tropics with an annual rainfall of at least 2.5-m. Sedimentation: settling of the sediments in a liquid, like soil in water. Species: narrowest group, to which an organism can be classified, produces similar and fertile offspring. Stratification: soil depositing in distinct layers. Subsoil: layer

Distinction between Crimes against Humanity and 'Cultural Genocide' Essay

Distinction between Crimes against Humanity and 'Cultural Genocide' - Essay Example However, there are some treaties that do not qualify to be expressions of customary law in situation where they have not be assimilated or complied with by countries that are considered civilized; thus, some customary law are not integrated in these treaties. Definition of Cultural Genocide (Article II of the Genocide Convention) Genocide has been encapsulated in the Genocide Convention of 1948, thereby undertaking an insufferable ratification for years; in fact it has been textually static. Genocide is not classified under national criminal codes; thus it is an international crime that is subjected to periodic re-evaluation and codification based on objectives of developing an integrated body of law. According to The Genocide Convention of 1948, Cultural Genocide is considered a form of crime that involves intention to obliterate entire or a section of racial, religious, or ethnic group. Moreover, this is a common of the five selected crimes, which are accomplished through a war. Ne vertheless, there have been precisions regarding definitional expectations of Conventions, which were provoked during debate when this Convention was being drafted among other ratifications that were involved. Definition of Cultural Genocide (Article VI of the Rome Statute) Article IV of the Rome Statue considers Genocide to be a means of committing acts, which are aimed at destroying a whole or section of national ethnical, racial, or religious group, and moreover, it specifies by indicating, this also entails murdering members of a certain group, causing serious physical or psychological harm to these members, or inflicting conditions that are considered physically destructive to a group of people. There are elements of the international Criminal Court (ICC) that add other requirements of genocide acts committed in the context of a manifested trend, which resembles this conduct being direct against a given group. Moreover, this involves behaviours, which is deemed to have effect t hat can cause destruction of a given group. Definition of Crime against Humanity (Article VII of the Rome Statute) Article VII of the Rome Statue defines crime against humanity is a perspective that considers it to be an attack on a territory that is very large to be considered â€Å"widespread†. In this case, the Rome Statue defines crime against humanity as â€Å"an attack or a course of conduct that involves multiple commissions of specific acts against a civilian population, who is a pursuant or in furtherance of a country or organized policy to undertake this attack†. Therefore, this statue considers the fact that crime against cannot be perpetrated by a single person by himself or herself, without involvement of a campaign against civilians2. On the other hand, the Article VII of the Rome Statue has recently added a list of crime against humanity, which entails deportation, extermination, forcible displacement of a population within a given country, incarceration , afflict, rape, enforcement of people to engage in activities such as sex slavery, prostitution. Other acts that have recently been considered crime against humanity include enforced pregnancy, enforced sterilization, and other acts, which count to be forms of sexual violence. Besides, persecuting against people of a certain political, racial, ethnic, cultural, gender, national or religious group is also considered a crime against hum

Economics of Race and Gender Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Economics of Race and Gender - Essay Example In the movies, Freedom Writers, Crash and The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter, this is apparent. In all three films discrimination based on race, and gender is a social condition. It is even bordering on the realm of norms and public policy. All these films show that discrimination based on race and gender to be a product of social institutions and social interactions. The failure of social integration, the absence of acceptance and the disdain against specific sectors of society results to this. Â  Discrimination based on race and gender may be alleviated by a paradigm shift in terms of mindset. The whole system of discrimination is built on mere distorted ideas, and perceptions made manifest. If this can be corrected via education, reorientation and cultural understanding it would cease. These false distinctions can be proven to be inconsequential and irrelevant social constructions. Â  Social and cultural diversity is common in modern society. However, the underlying negative aspect of diversity is marginalization. Often this is because of discrimination and the failure to integrate into mainstream society. Â  Social integration is the process of creating unity, inclusion, and participation at all levels of society within the diversity of personal attributes so that every person is free to be the person she wants to be. Personal attributes include socio-economic class, age, gender - sexual preference and expression, political ideas, ethnicity and cultural traits, religion, citizenship (national origin) and geographical region of origin and so on (Cruz-Saco 2). Â  

Select a type of crime such as rape and write a paper explaining the Research

Select a type of crime such as rape and write a explaining the differences between the consensus and conflict approaches to explaining it - Research Paper Example The paper focuses on two issues: the male-centric conception of rape in current law, and the rape and gender violence as linked to other categories of differentiation. The sociological theories that underpin our understanding of crime and punishment, as well as the justice system have long been the subject of debate by opposing ideological camps. The divergent approaches of â€Å"consensus† and â€Å"conflict† and what approach is the most appropriate lens with which to understand crimes remains to be discussed today, with the debates evolving to meet more modern and complex contemporary problems. It is imperative to begin by defining the concepts. Reid (119) defined the consensus approach as one that â€Å"views the emerging norms and laws of society as representative of the common feeling about what is right and proper; that is, they represent a consensus of views—a mechanism for maintaining social order.† It looks at society as a homogenous whole, without factions or frictions, and making a collective determination on what is right and what is wrong. For example, taking a very recent incident, the harsh punishments m eted against the London street rioters might be deemed appropriate among proponents of the consensus theorists: indeed, the destruction of private property and petty larceny go against collective values and the State must bear down heavily upon those who seek to trample those values. In contrast, the proponents of the conflict theory look at society not as a homogenous whole, but as one wracked by class fault lines. Therefore, laws are not simply collectively-agreed upon rules that establish social order and ensure the efficient and harmonious functioning of society, they are a means by which those who have wealth and power ensure that existing hierarchical arrangements are perpetuated. Whilst Karl Marx did not theorize specifically on criminal justice, his philosophies illumine the conflict theory

Forensic Science Module Essay Example for Free

Forensic Science Module Essay 1. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid refers to the molecules that carry our genetic information. DNA can be found in blood, skin cells, tissues, muscles, bones, teeth, hair, and saliva. 2. Mitochondrial DNA is DNA that can be inherited from one’s mother and is found outside of the cell nucleus. 3. CODIS is a software program that contains the DNA profiles of convicted offenders, missing persons, crime scene evidence, and other sources. CODIS works by attempting to match the samples of DNA based on the thirteen different regions or loci within the nuclear DNA. 4. Complimentary base patterns are pairs that always pair up together. Complimentary base patters are so important because the four bases make up DNA 5. RFLP is described as the method in which DNA is studied, by using an enzyme to cut DNA strands into different sections. Limitations to this process include the fact that it requires a large sample of DNA and samples that carry dirt or mold usually will not work good with this type of test. 1. I believe DNA has had and continues to have such an impact on forensic science because a DNA sample can help figure out who was involved in a crime and even who was the person who committed the crime. 2. I believe some of the challenges that come with collecting DNA evidence could include the DNA sample potentially becoming damaged, by factors even if includes natural causes such as dirt, dust, and mold. Some ways that I could overcome these potential challenges include trying to collect more DNA samples that are not ruined or damaged you can also attempt to clean the DNA if possible. 3. The difference between mitochondria DNA and nuclear DNA is that mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the offspring’s mother while in nuclear DNA it is mixed and matched so it is different. I would choose nuclear DNA to work with because it is more complex which means it is less likely for any two people to have the same pattern while mitochondrial DNA has less variability from one to another. 4. If I had to analyze DNA samples I would choose the polymerase chain reaction to analyze the DNA. PCR creates strands of DNA from small samples of DNA at crime scenes. I would choose this technique because for one it is inexpensive, does not take very long, and can be successful with just even a small piece of the DNA sample. 5. The expert’s testimony can be dismissed by questioning its credibility, education,

queen victoria :: essays research papers

queen victoria was born in 1819 ands hs4e died in 1901. she was queen of the untted kingdom and empress of india.asjdfjasdlkfjslakdfjlll haskjfh hsadfhksadjfhksaf asdfhkshfksah sadkf ahdfdkafhksa ahfdj hakfdj h 'ahkdfj aif asj ahkfj hasi hsdfakf hafhu aisu hfasihf askjhriewt hiastu hai aiufh ak auf ha'jasdflkfja iaodsjf oasi ei fja joaisfj abjajg iagoii oaewitj oaji algjoia; aoijtr aoiej toia aoitj ao oaetj rao aoi tjoai oiat aoie wop aopt iaop hpaitr apTara Mulvihill Mulvihill 1 Mrs. Stambaugh English 351-4th April 9, 2002 Creative Paper â€Å"The Secret Life of Tara Mulvihill† â€Å"Good morning princess,† I heard a voice day in a British accent as I looked around the huge bed chambers where I found myself laying. â€Å"Where am I?† I whispered. â€Å"Well, you’re back home from boarding school. You were so tired last night you didn’t even say hello to your mother.† â€Å"Boarding school?† I thought to myself†¦.I don’t go to boarding school. â€Å"You need to dress, your mother is waiting to see you.† I slowly sat up and looked around. The room was gigantic. It was full of beautiful furniture and huge portraits. I wandered out of bed and over to the closet. I stepped inside and looked around. It was a long room filled with all the clothes I could imagine. I dressed and walked out into the hallway. The hallway was wide. On the walls hung more portraits of people I had never seen. Every so often there was a group of chairs placed symmetrically across from one another. There were so many beautiful a rchways and moldings. It was like a castle I had heard about in history. â€Å"Tara, Tara!† I heard a voice call. â€Å"I’ve been waiting for you to come home and hey you are not even coming to tell me hello. queen victoria :: essays research papers queen victoria was born in 1819 ands hs4e died in 1901. she was queen of the untted kingdom and empress of india.asjdfjasdlkfjslakdfjlll haskjfh hsadfhksadjfhksaf asdfhkshfksah sadkf ahdfdkafhksa ahfdj hakfdj h 'ahkdfj aif asj ahkfj hasi hsdfakf hafhu aisu hfasihf askjhriewt hiastu hai aiufh ak auf ha'jasdflkfja iaodsjf oasi ei fja joaisfj abjajg iagoii oaewitj oaji algjoia; aoijtr aoiej toia aoitj ao oaetj rao aoi tjoai oiat aoie wop aopt iaop hpaitr apTara Mulvihill Mulvihill 1 Mrs. Stambaugh English 351-4th April 9, 2002 Creative Paper â€Å"The Secret Life of Tara Mulvihill† â€Å"Good morning princess,† I heard a voice day in a British accent as I looked around the huge bed chambers where I found myself laying. â€Å"Where am I?† I whispered. â€Å"Well, you’re back home from boarding school. You were so tired last night you didn’t even say hello to your mother.† â€Å"Boarding school?† I thought to myself†¦.I don’t go to boarding school. â€Å"You need to dress, your mother is waiting to see you.† I slowly sat up and looked around. The room was gigantic. It was full of beautiful furniture and huge portraits. I wandered out of bed and over to the closet. I stepped inside and looked around. It was a long room filled with all the clothes I could imagine. I dressed and walked out into the hallway. The hallway was wide. On the walls hung more portraits of people I had never seen. Every so often there was a group of chairs placed symmetrically across from one another. There were so many beautiful a rchways and moldings. It was like a castle I had heard about in history. â€Å"Tara, Tara!† I heard a voice call. â€Å"I’ve been waiting for you to come home and hey you are not even coming to tell me hello.

Celestial Travel Agency: Marketing Strategy of Philippine Tourism in the United Kingdom

INTRODUCTION The hospitality and tourism industry is one of the most flourishing industries in the world; thus, almost every country relies on the industry. The income that a country gains from the industry is almost half of its gross national product. However, for developed countries, such as the United Kingdom, promoting hospitality and tourism is not a problem since they are already known and well-established worldwide. On the other hand, for developing countries where they mostly rely on the industry for income, such as the Philippines, upholding their hospitality and tourism sector will be hard.A lot of factors have to be considered, for instance, safety and security of the tourists, the cost of the tour, and the significance of the place as tourism nowadays relies on popularity—the more popular the place is, the more tourists it will attract. Thus, the demand for effective marketing strategies and public relations is a necessity. There are Filipino travel agencies in the UK, yet the number of British people who visit the Philippines is still low compared to the other countries in Europe, such as Germany and Netherlands.The main reason for this is the effectiveness of the marketing strategies used by these agencies. It is also noted that most of these travel agencies focus on the Filipinos in the UK as their target market. This research aims to develop marketing strategies for a hospitality and tourism organization by critically evaluating marketing strategies in the hospitality and tourism sector, assessing the role of network and customer relationship marketing strategies for hospitality and tourism organizations, and recommending marketing and customer loyalty strategies for a hospitality or tourism organization.Also, it aspires to critically evaluate marketing communication strategies for hospitality and tourism organizations through brand strategies, e-marketing, viral marketing, and guerilla marketing. The author chooses Celestial Travel Agenc y, a Filipino travel agency based in Victoria, London. The agency offers travel and tour packages to the United Kingdom and some parts of Europe and the Philippines. Majority of its clients are the Filipinos who are in the United Kingdom.The researcher will investigate the marketing strategies the organization is utilizing, and afterwards, the author will develop a marketing strategy that can be viable for the organization in order to increase market share. METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH This study is a qualitative research that attempts to discover the best marketing strategies utilized by organizations in the hospitality and tourism industry that will be applicable to the subject of research. It intends to accrue existing data governing the principles of marketing strategies. Thus, secondary research will be exhausted during the course of research.ESSENCE OF MARKETING Marketing (Armstrong, et. al) is â€Å"managing profitable customer relationships. † It has two main goals which a re to attract potential customers by guaranteeing them superior quality of service and products and keeping the current customers and making them loyal to the organization by giving them satisfaction. The sole purpose of marketing is to deal with customers; however, it is not the simplest function in the business world as it involves a lot of activities from product development, production, and distribution to branding, selling, and advertising.Hospitality and tourism organization has to understand that nowadays, marketing is not just about simply telling and selling of goods, but it is about satisfying customer needs as well. The marketing department of an organization is the busiest and in fact carries the heaviest load of promoting the products. Whatever the profit that the organization makes is reflected on the activities done by the marketing department. Figure 1. A simple model of the marketing process. When doing marketing, one must have to consider that most consumers are: ? More concern to the prices of a product or a service Gives less interests to marketing messages ?From the average segment of the society Given this situation, a marketing manager has to bear in mind the substantial four P’s of marketing strategy: ? Product – making the appropriate product or a service for chosen target market. Research and analysis has to be done to determine the wants and the needs of the market and that the product to be created should fulfill these specifications. ?Place – the place to market the product has to be properly regarded especially during the process of transporting and distributing the goods and services. Promotion – this division relates to public relations, advertising, and other activities that are conducted to influence the behavior of the consumers toward the product being marketed. ?Price – the product has to be logically priced and that the pricing strategy the organization will use must have a long-term effe ct; thus, several factors are considered whenever pricing a product or a service. The four P’s mentioned are the essentials of marketing, making them the basic things to consider before starting the process of product conceptualization to distribution in the market.When an organization will be able to carry out the following aspects of marketing properly, the profit margin will undoubtedly increase. CELESTIAL TRAVEL AGENCY AND THE FILIPINOS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM The Filipinos are known around the world in the fields of nursing and health care, hospitality and tourism, and Information and Technology and engineering. Out of the 94 million Filipino population, about 8. 7 to 11 million are working, living, or studying overseas, mostly in the Americas, Middle East and Europe. In 2009, about 250,000 Filipinos are working and studying in the United Kingdom alone.The population of Filipinos in the UK is considered to be a big market for Filipino travel agencies operating in the Unite d Kingdom. Since Filipinos are known to love travelling and always want to visit their homeland whenever they are abroad, Filipino travel agencies will not run out of business even if they are just catering to their fellowmen who are living overseas. However, these travel agencies can widen their market share when they try to deviate from the traditional operations of just servicing their fellowmen. The United Kingdom is a very big market for the hospitality and tourism industry.In as much as there are a lot of tourists coming to the UK, there are also a lot of British people who leave the UK to go on holidays in different destinations around the world, and most of them go to tropical countries to avert from the cold climate of the UK. The British people are known to often go on holidays once or twice a year, may they be students, families, or stressed workers. Thus, promoting travel and tour services to the Philippines to the British people market and possibly the European market w ill be a big accomplishment for the organization.To market the Philippines as a holiday destination in Southeast Asia to the international arena is a difficult task because of its palpable competitors, such as Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia, which are mostly visited by international tourists mainly coming from Europe and the Americas. Also, the location of the Philippines is not strategic so as to attract more tourists, especially those who have already gone to its neighbouring countries. Moreover, since the Philippines is a group of more than 7,000 islands, to tour it alone takes a lot of time.One must have to travel either by plane or vessel, and bus when on the main island. When people from overseas talk of the Southeast Asian Region, the countries that the people first think of are Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia. These four countries are always featured and advertised in newspapers, magazines, on television and a lot more. Thus, considering the number o f Filipino travel agencies in the UK, which is about twenty-five, the number of UK tourists in the Philippine should have increased in the past years. The presence of these agencies would have been a big influence in boosting the Philippine tourism.One of these travel agencies is Celestial Travel and Tours Limited which is the subject of this research. Celestial Travel and Tours Limited is a travel and tours agency that caters mostly to the Filipino people living in the United Kingdom. The products that the organization offers are travel and tour packages to major Philippine destinations and within the United Kingdom and its neighboring countries, such as France, Germany, Netherlands, and Spain, and consultations involving travels in the Far East and world-wide destinations.The organization was established in April 2002 by four professional Filipino women who had extensive knowledge and experience in hospitality and tourism management. The organization’s mission is to provide travel needs and services to the Filipino people. However, most of its services are just travel packages. It is because of the factor that they cater only to the Filipinos in the UK. Tour packages for destinations in the Philippines are seldom being bought, but the packages for places in Europe, for instance Barcelona, Lile, Paris, Amsterdam, and Brussels, are often sold out.Celestial travel agency is the most respected agency among all Filipino travel agencies in the UK. It has a very strong presence in Greater London. It has a very strong network within the Filipino community in UK and some parts of Europe. In an interview with one of the managers, she mentioned that the organization was doing well during the past years. Travel services, especially plane tickets, and UK and Europe tour packages were hitting very good market figures. When asked on the tour packages in the Philippines, she said that the packages were rarely purchased.The reason being is the organization’s ta rget market which is mainly the Filipino community who would rather go to Europe than visiting the prime Philippine tourist destinations. Celestial travel agency has a very good potential of increasing its market share without totally expanding the business. Expansion will definitely come in the future. Since its inception, the organization still remains to be a small-time business with just a little increase of its market share yearly.Since the organization has already established its status in the market as a trusted agency for travel and tours in the UK and Europe, the organization has to focus on improving its sales on the travel and tour packages in the Philippines. The UK is a big market for outbound tourists, and therefore, Celestial Travel Agency just needs the appropriate marketing strategies and public relations to promote the Philippines as a tourist destination to the UK market. ?Brand Identity and Strategy Brand identity is the key to building a name in the business wor ld.Nowadays, consumers rely so much on brand names rather than the products. Companies struggle so much when introducing their products to the market, and those who are able to maintain the quality of their products and services for a long period of time can keep up to the market competition, even so making the competition less competitive for them as they are already well-established. Creating a consistent identity is a very challenging task for marketing since it will carry the totality of the company in the business world. The brand identity bears the ideas, the products and services, and the values of the company.A coherent and well-thought brand identity can be a big tool for advertising creating loyalty from clients for repeat business. Celestial Travel Agency has established its brand identity among the Filipino community in the UK making it a well respected establishment. The organization has to establish its brand identity in the UK market in general, not just the Filipino. It must attain a well-trusted level status to be able to promote its products and services in its new market. Furthermore, it has to maintain the good rapport with the Filipino community, thus, satisfying their needs is essential, and proper marketing can be used to do this.The organization has to bear in mind that to create their big web/network, they will need the first market to do this. ?Network and Relationship Marketing A company’s relationship with its customers is vital. However, how can an organization develop relationship with its customers and soon built a network from them? As most marketers say, â€Å"Relate first, market second. † Marketers always have to make the best impression about them and their products and services and be able to build rapport between them and their customers.Personal interaction is the first step to doing network and relationship marketing, and moving the customers to higher level of loyalty is its main purpose. Doing this strate gy, one must have a thorough knowledge and understanding of the customer’s needs and individuality. As Smith (2011) says, â€Å"Think of relationship marketing as a term with the following overarching definition: those efforts that will make your prospective customers aware of your products and services, position your business in their minds as the obvious choice, and help you build lifelong profitable relationships with them. This marketing strategy is the most effective way to build a big network of customers. However, this strategy is sometimes misused by a lot of marketers especially when they do relationship marketing. Relationship marketing requires the marketers to be honest since he or she might spoil the relationship that was built in the first meeting. Marketers have to bear in mind to always practice responsible relationship marketing. Network and relationship marketing is mostly used by small time businesses as a way to introduce their products to the market, esp ecially to the immediate community they are linked to.It is a great strategy to communications development that makes relationship marketing become the tool to widened network. Celestial Travel Agency utilized this strategy when it started in 2002. Through confidence and honesty, the managers began introducing their services to the Filipinos they know and the ones they met mostly during gatherings. The relationship they were able to build with a number of people started to make a big network of clients. However, they still need to improve on this strategy as it will lead to them to a more stable and successful business.Furthermore, the strategy will enable them to develop a new market, the UK market, for their tour packages to the Philippines. Through proper use of communications technology, the organization can easily rebuild the network they have established to an even wider and bigger network. The organization has to deviate from the traditional way of engaging people to relation ships in order to build business contact with them. The current network of the organization is a great strength to building the opportunity of making it a wider network to market the organization products and services.Going personal contact with people (offline) and communicating through means of Internet (online) makes relationship marketing a broader strategy to make use of. Also, it is beneficial to use the social networking marketing hype. Social networking are extremely valuable to marketers since they do not need to personally talk to these people one by one, but thousands of people can read your adverts or messages on these sites in just a click away. The good thing about these social networking sites is that they are people-focused and other people’s network can also be another person’s network.Thus, doing relationship marketing through these sites is undeniably useful and can give a great amount of returns. ?Strategic Customer Relations Optimizing customer sat isfaction and developing Customer Relationship Management is one of the most challenging tasks that businesses face nowadays. Many organization invest on improves customer service to be able to stabilize customer satisfaction. In order to establish excellent customer service, an organization must essentially develop a customer relationship focused culture.In this practice, the employees who always deal with customers must always be updated on the modernize ways to improving customer service skills. Celestial Travel Agency does not regularly updates its staff or let them undertake trainings in relation to customer service. Thus, there are times that they lose some of their customers, even the valued ones. Constant monitoring of the employees’ performance is a must so as not to jeopardize the well established system and customer relations. Communicating with the customer in an efficient way will result to repeat business.It is to be noted that the products and services offered by the organization is harder to market as it is intangible compared to food and other things that satisfy the basic needs of human beings. ?There are ways to improve customer relations through the following: ? Providing training in key areas that are important in rendering excellent personal service ? Reinforce the skills and abilities the employees have through continuous coaching and feedback ? Measure current performance levels ?Recognition through rewards, may it be monetary and non-monetary, to motivate the employees further to excel ?Establishing effective service delivery processes ?E-marketing Marketers will find e-marketing an easy way to advertise their products without having to spend money that much. Marketers can advertise online for free through blogs, social networks, forums, and even free websites. In addition, the mass market online is enormous and e-marketing will allow marketers to make a personalized type of marketing that gives much focus to their products and services. E-marketing has a lot of benefits to give to an organization which includes the following: ? Openness ?Global Contact ?Minimal Cost Traceable and Measurable Results ?Personalisation ?Social Currency ?Improved Conversion Rates Celestial Travel Agency has its own website; however, it is not being updates every now and then. Thus, information on any recent activities or packages that the organization offers to the public cannot be easily accessible. This is mainly because keeping up the website cost money which the organization cannot afford to shell out since the website needs updates and maintenance every time. Keeping an IT personnel for the company that only works twice a week is very much impractical.Besides, the rate for IT staff in the United Kingdom is way too expensive. However, the organization has to bear in mind that keeping the website is a way to reach to the global market, not just the UK market. The company’s valued clients who live outside the UK basic ally will try to reach the company through the website and customers often purchase products online especially tour packages and travels. Also, on the Internet, there are a lot of activities done by its users, who can be travelers, and they often check out forums.There are forums and blogs built for specific topics, such as tourism, food, and a lot more. On these forums and blogs, related links and links are often circulated to its users and updated websites are mostly posted here. In addition, the influence of social networking sites is prominent to Internet users. Any future activities or tours that the organization plans to do can just be posted on these social networking sites and will soon be shared by a lot of users. The circulation of the information is way too fast that feedbacks can be expected straight away.Information dissemination through social networks is very much fast and quick. Yet, the information has to be check and should always be on the new or recent posts, els e, superfluous posts will overshadow the post intended to be marketed. The organization must always update its websites and posts and encourage their valued user to give testimonials as these will help the company gain more customers online. The strength of e-marketing is strong and opportunities are endless, but the organization must take extra care doing e-marketing as fraud cases are soaring. Guerilla Marketing Levinson, et. al (2007) stated that â€Å"Guerilla Marketing simplifies the complexities and explains how entrepreneurs can use marketing to generate maximum profits from minimum investments. † Guerilla marketing has deviated from the traditional style of marketing where money or investments play an important role to make marketing effective. The guerilla approach is very much suitable to Celestial Travel Agency since the organization is a small business and guerilla marketing is an economical way of marketing products and services.Through this approach, the organiz ation can develop different techniques of promoting its services. Undoubtedly, the guerilla approach is already â€Å"tried and tested† to be very much efficient. However, the strategy requires the marketers to do research and make a campaign plan that is unconventional. Nowadays, marketing adverts and messages has to be humorous and extraordinary to be noticed by people. In as much as it is inexpensive, the guerilla approach takes time to materialize. Unlike the traditional way of marketing where money is a big factor, so results can be seen after a short span of time.Conceptualization takes a lot of time while the implementation process challenging since several methods might be used to test the efficiency of the ideas. Since guerilla marketing is very much unconventional, it does not limit the marketers to a number of ways of doing the marketing yet it requires a high level of energy and dedication. ?Viral Marketing Coined from the word ‘virus,’ viral marketin g strategy makes a great influence in the market, just like a virus, when done properly. Creating impact is the important element of this marketing strategy.Viral marketing is a challenging strategy since an excellent idea is needed to make the advertisement stand out among all other commercials. This strategy is extremely effective and simple but making it work is the difficult task. The first step is to make a buzz. There are many ways to do this and the most effective way is to go on television. It is not making another big advertisement to air on TV, but news, such as media coverage. The good thing about media coverage is it hits the local community straight away and then national level.Furthermore, about seventy percent of the population watch news. Also, news reaches even the people who live in distant areas from the capital. Another way of creating a buzz is going online, through social networking sites. The strategy employed the concept of using the social networks of other people so that they can propagate and expose their products and services. People can easily get influenced from what their peers tell them, and on networking sites, there are millions people; thus, it is easy to make a viral effect on these sites.Celestial Travel Agency will find it difficult to do this marketing strategy. Most of the successful viral marketing advertisements are about the food sector. Nonetheless, the organization can still utilize this strategy in promoting their services, yet minimal results must be expected. Since the agency wants to develop their UK market, not focusing on the UK Filipino community, to market its package tours to the Philippines, the organization can take advantage of the current tourist news about the country.For instance, the result of the new Seven Wonder of Nature can be turned into hype among all the tourists, especially the adventure-seekers travelers of UK. The new seven wonders is big news in the tourism industry; therefore, travelers w ill be eager to discover these places. Moreover, there are also tourist spots in the Philippines that are featured on the news which the organization to battle the tight competition of the tourism industry. British tourists will then know that there are wonderful places to see in the Philippines.Also, travelling around the country is very cheap compared to other South East Asian countries. ?CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION The Philippines has a lot to offer to the world, not just to the UK tourist market, which is the prospect market of the organization for market development. Through the unconventional marketing strategies, such as viral marketing and guerilla marketing, Celestial Travel Agency will not find it difficult to market the Philippines to the UK market. Understanding the wants of the UK market when it comes to going on holidays, the places they choose to go to.The British people are fond of adventure or outdoor activities and love going to the beaches, and since the Philipp ines is a tropical country that offers not only beautiful beaches but extreme outdoor activities too, such as mountaineering, scuba diving, spelunking, etc. , it can become a prime tropical tourist destination. The organization can take advantage of the news features regarding the tourist spots of the Philippines and make it viral. Using news, such as â€Å"Top 20 beaches,† â€Å"Seven Wonders of Nature,† and the other tourist destination rankings, the organization can utilize this and use the guerilla approach to making a â€Å"craze† over it.The organization can do a buzz using blogs, forums, and social networking sites. It can even use upload a marketing ad on Youtube and post it on the different social networking sites. The research understands that the organization has very minimal budget for marketing, thus, e-marketing, guerilla marketing, and viral marketing strategies will be very effective to achieving its desired goals of developing the British market as key tourists to the Philippines.